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The XScale, a microprocessor core, is Intel's implementation of the 5th generation of the ARM architecture, and consists of several distinct families: IXP, IXC, IOP and PXA (see more below). The PXA family was sold to Marvell Technology Group in June 2006. more...
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The XScale architecture is based on the ARM v5TE ISA without the floating point instructions. XScale uses a 7 stage integer and an 8 stage memory Superpipelined RISC architecture. It is the successor to the Intel StrongARM line of microprocessors and microcontrollers, which Intel acquired from DEC's Digital Semiconductor division as the side-effect of a lawsuit between the two companies. Intel used the StrongARM to replace their ailing line of outdated RISC processors, the i860 and i960.
All the generations of XScale are 32-bit ARM v5TE processors manufactured with a 0.18 µm process and have a 32 KiB data cache and a 32 KiB instruction cache (this would be called a 64 KiB Level 1 cache on other processors). They also all have a 2 KiB mini-data cache.
Processor families
The XSCALE core is used in a number of microcontroller families manufactured by Intel, notably:
Application Processors (with the prefix PXA). There are three generations of XScale Application Processors, described below: PXA210/PXA25x, PXA26x and PXA27x.;
I/O Processors (with the prefix IOP);
Network Processors (with the prefix IXP);
Control Plane Processors (with the prefix IXC).;
There are also standalone processors: the 80200 and 80219 (targeted primarily at PCI applications).
PXA
PXA210/PXA25x
The PXA210 was Intel's entry level XScale targeted at mobile phone applications. It was released with the PXA250 in February 2002 and comes clocked at 133 MHz and 200 MHz.
The PXA25x family consists of the PXA250 and PXA255. The PXA250 was Intel's first generation of XScale processors. There was a choice of three clock speeds: 200 MHz, 300 MHz and 400 MHz. It came out in February 2002. In March 2003, the revision C0 of the PXA250 was renamed to PXA255. The main differences were a doubled bus speed (100 MHz to 200 MHz) for faster data transfer, lower voltage (only 1.3 V at 400 MHz) for lower power consumption and writeback functionality for the data cache, the lack of which had severely impaired performance on the PXA250.
PXA26x
The PXA26x family consists of the PXA260 and PXA261-PXA263. The PXA260 is a stand-alone processor clocked at the same as the PXA25x, but features a TPBGA package which is about 53% smaller than the PXA25x's PBGA package. The PXA261-PXA263 are the same as the PXA260 but have Intel StrataFlash memory stacked on top of the processor in the same package; 16 MiB of 16-bit memory in the PXA261, 32 MiB of 16-bit memory in the PXA262 and 32 MiB of 32-bit memory in the PXA263. The PXA26x family was released in March 2003.
Read more at Wikipedia.org
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