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The Pallava were a Southern Indian dynasty who established their capital at Kanchipuram in early the 4th century CE. Initially, Pallavas were in Andhra country (Palnadu) and became independent after the eclipse of Satavahanas and Ikshvakus. more...
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They extended their dominion to Tamil country and established themselves at Kanchi. The Pallavas dominated the northern parts of Tamil region until the end of the 9th century for about six hundred years. The origins of the Pallava still remains a mystery. A number of hypotheses and views have been proposed on the origin and ethnicity of the Pallavas.
Tamil Origin
The word Pallava means branch or twig in Sanskrit. The word is rendered as Tondaiyar in Tamil language. The Pallava kings at several places are called Tondamans or Tondaiyarkon. The territory of the Pallavas was known as Tundaka Visaya or Tundaka Rashtra. The word Tondan in Tamil means slave, servant, follower or helper and can either be suggestive of the subordinate position the Pallavas bore to the Satavahanas or reflect a influential position pallavas enjoyed at the time of satvahanas. On collapse of the Satvahana power, the Pallavas asserted themselves and annexed a large part of Chola territory but the epithet Tondon remained and their territory also came to be called Tondamandlam. The word Pallava (which in Sanskrit means twig or branch) is a translation of Tamil word Tondaiyar and Tondaman and this finds confirmation in some of the copper plate charters which do bring in 'tender twigs' (=pallavams) of some kind in connection with the eponymous name Pallava'. Ref name="aiyanger"> Dr Krishnaswami Aiyangar</ref> But the scholars reject this view since this is a later usage of the term and therefore can not be stated to have given rise to the family name Pallava. R Sthainathaier seems to connect the Pallavas with ancient Pulindas, who according him, were identical to the Kurumbas of Tondamandlam. R. Sthainathaier also states that Tondamandlam was a province under Maurya king Asoka in third century BCE and later on, it was seized by the Satavahanas and thus Tondamandlam became a feudatory to the Satavahanas. He further believes that Tondaiyar is Tamil rendering of Pallava. After collapse of Satavahanas in about 225 AD, the Pallavas of Tondamandlam became sovereign and expanded to river Krishna river.
Chola Origin
A view has also been propounded that the Pallavas were an offshoot from the Cholas. It is claimed that the Pallavas were a lineage of the Chola kings who went on a maritime journey and begot a child who formed a separate dynasty called Pallava (Pallavam means bud in Sanskrit, from which the eponymous name is stated to derive).
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