Nokia

Nokia Corporation (NYSE: NOK) is currently the world's largest manufacturer of mobile telephones, with a global market share of approximately 36% in Q3 of 2006. more...

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It produces mobile phones for every major market and protocol, including GSM, CDMA, and W-CDMA (UMTS).

The corporation also produces telecommunications network equipment for applications such as mobile and fixed-line voice telephony, ISDN, broadband access, voice over IP, and wireless LAN.

Nokia's headquarters are in Espoo, a neighbouring city of Helsinki, Finland, but it has R&D, manufacturing, and sales representation sites in many continents throughout the world. Nokia Research Center, the corporation's industrial research laboratories, has sites in Athens, Helsinki, Tampere, Oulu, Tokyo, Beijing, Budapest, Bochum, Palo Alto, Bangalore and Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

Nokia is by far the largest Finnish company, accounting for about half of the market capitalization of the Helsinki Stock Exchange (OMX Helsinki); a unique situation for an industrialized country. It also plays a very large role in the economy of Finland, and Finns have ranked it many times as the best Finnish brand and employer.

History

What is known today as Nokia was established in 1865 as a pulp mill by Knut Fredrik Idestam on the banks of Nokia rapids. Finnish Rubber Works established its factories in the beginning of 20th century nearby and began using Nokia as its brand. Shortly after World War I Finnish Rubber Works acquired Nokia wood mills as well as Finnish Cable Works, a producer of telephone and telegraph cables. All these three companies were merged into the Nokia Corporation in 1967.

The Nokia Corporation that was created in the 1967 fusion was involved in many sectors, producing at one time or another paper products, bicycle and car tyres, footwear (including Wellington boots), personal computers, communications cables, televisions, electricity production, etc.

Telecommunications era

The seeds of the current incarnation of Nokia were planted with the founding of the electronics section of the cable division in the 1960s. In the 1967 fusion, that section was separated into its own division, and began manufacturing telecommunications equipment. Since 1964 Nokia had developed VHF-radio simultaneously with Salora Oy, which later 1971 developed also ARP-phone. Fusion of these two companies resulted in 1979 as Mobira Oy and in three years it launched NMT phone. Nokia bought Salora Oy in 1984 and now owning 100% of the company, changed company name to Nokia-Mobira Oy. In 1988 Jorma Nieminen and others started a spinn-of company; Benefon Oy. Year later Nokia Mobira Oy changed into Nokia Mobile Phones and 1991 the first GSM phone was launched..

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